FDR versus Hitler essays

FDR versus Hitler essays Franklin D. Roosevelt and Adolph Hitler were two of the most influential leaders in modern history. They had diametrically different views on leading their respective nations, as well as what purpose their leadership would serve. Their styles as leaders shaped their views and determined what actions they would take leading up to and through out World War II. I will compare both Hitler and Roosevelt's leadership styles as they applied to World War II. Conclusively, I will show that, while they were two completely different types of leaders, they were both very effective and did what they thought would best serve their countries. In January of 1941, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt pronounced in his address of the Four Freedoms that we, and our allies, need to free the peoples of Europe from Hitler's tyrannical rule. Roosevelt has often been criticized for not entering the war earlier and stopping the killing he knew was occurring. However, as is always the case in America, the President had pressure from all directions. As a result, Roosevelt had to give most of his assistance to the warring nations in private until America did finally enter the conflict because of Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. Roosevelt frequently conducted radio broadcasts to inform, calm and rally the American masses. It is often mentioned that people felt in touch with Roosevelt and seemed as though he was right there in their living rooms with them. Franklin Roosevelts first inaugural speech was one of the most famous speeches in documented history. We have nothing to fear but fear itself, was very moving. He calmed the fears of millions of Americans. His charisma and keen political positioning allowed him remain out of the war until America was behind the effort. Once the effort was started every American put forth the effort he asked for to defeat the Axis powers. Roosevelt is known today as arguably one of the best p...

Phosphorylation and How It Works

Phosphorylation and How It Works Phosphorylation is the chemical addition of a phosphoryl group (PO3-) to an organic molecule. The removal of a phosphoryl group is called dephosphorylation. Both phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are carried out by enzymes (e.g., kinases, phosphotransferases). Phosphorylation is important in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology because its a key reaction in protein and enzyme function, sugar metabolism, and energy storage and release. Purposes of Phosphorylation Phosphorylation plays a critical regulatory role in cells. Its functions  include: Important for glycolysisUsed for protein-protein interactionUsed in protein degradationRegulates enzyme inhibitionMaintains homeostasis by regulating energy-requiring chemical reactions Types of Phosphorylation Many types of molecules can undergo phosphorylation and dephosphorylation. Three of the most important types of phosphorylation are glucose phosphorylation, protein phosphorylation, and oxidative phosphorylation. Glucose Phosphorylation Glucose and other sugars are often phosphorylated as the first step of their catabolism. For example, the first step of glycolysis of D-glucose is its conversion into D-glucose-6-phosphate. Glucose is a small molecule that readily permeates cells. Phosphorylation forms a larger molecule that cant easily enter tissue. So, phosphorylation is critical  for regulating blood glucose concentration. Glucose concentration, in turn, is directly related to glycogen formation. Glucose phosphorylation is also linked to cardiac growth. Protein Phosphorylation Phoebus Levene at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research was the first to identify a phosphorylated protein (phosvitin) in 1906, but enzymatic phosphorylation of proteins wasnt described until the 1930s. Protein phosphorylation occurs when the phosphoryl group is added to an amino acid. Usually, the amino acid is serine, although phosphorylation also occurs on threonine and tyrosine in eukaryotes and histidine in prokaryotes. This is an esterification reaction where a phosphate group reacts with the hydroxyl (-OH) group of a serine, threonine, or tyrosine side chain. The enzyme protein kinase covalently binds a phosphate group to the amino acid. The precise mechanism differs somewhat between prokaryotes and eukaryotes. The best-studied forms of phosphorylation are posttranslational modifications (PTM), which means the proteins are phosphorylated after translation from an RNA template. The reverse reaction, dephosphorylation, is catalyzed by protein phosphatases. An important example of protein phosphorylation is the phosphorylation of histones. In eukaryotes, DNA is associated with histone proteins to form chromatin. Histone phosphorylation modifies the structure of chromatin and alters its protein-protein and DNA-protein interactions. Usually, phosphorylation occurs when DNA is damaged, opening up space around broken DNA so that repair mechanisms can do their work. In addition to its importance in DNA repair, protein phosphorylation plays a key role in metabolism and signaling pathways. Oxidative Phosphorylation Oxidative phosphorylation is how a cell stores and releases chemical energy. In a eukaryotic cell, the reactions occur within the mitochondria. Oxidative phosphorylation consists of the reactions of the electron transport chain and those of chemiosmosis. In summary, redox reaction pass electrons from proteins and other molecules along the electron transport chain in the inner membrane of the mitochondria, releasing energy that is used to make adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in chemiosmosis. In this process, NADH and FADH2 deliver  electrons to the electron transport chain. Electrons move from higher energy to lower energy as they progress along the chain, releasing energy along the way. Part of this energy goes to pumping hydrogen ions (H) to form an electrochemical gradient. At the end of the chain, electrons are transferred to oxygen, which bond with H to form water. H ions supply the energy for ATP synthase to synthesize ATP. When ATP is dephosphorylated, cleaving the phosphate group releases energy in a form the cell can use. Adenosine is not the only base that undergoes phosphorylation to form AMP, ADP, and ATP. For example, guanosine may also form GMP, GDP, and GTP. Detecting Phosphorylation Whether or not a molecule has been phosphorylated can be detected using antibodies, electrophoresis, or mass spectrometry. However, identifying and characterizing phosphorylation sites is difficult. Isotope labeling is often used, in conjunction with fluorescence, electrophoresis, and immunoassays. Sources Kresge, Nicole; Simoni, Robert D.; Hill, Robert L. (2011-01-21). The Process of Reversible Phosphorylation: the Work of Edmond H. Fischer. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 286 (3).Sharma, Saumya; Guthrie, Patrick H.; Chan, Suzanne S.; Haq, Syed; Taegtmeyer, Heinrich (2007-10-01). Glucose Phosphorylation Is Required for Insulin-Dependent mTOR Signalling in the Heart. Cardiovascular Research. 76 (1): 71–80.

Evaluation of the Utilisation of Cataract Surgery Services in South Article

Evaluation of the Utilisation of Cataract Surgery Services in South India - Article Example Blindness is a major health problem in India. It has been estimated that about 12 million people are suffering from blindness in India, the dominant cause of which is cataract. Cataract accounts for nearly two-third of blind population in India. The Government of India launched National Programme for Control of Blindness in 1976 and the World Bank Assisted Cataract Blindness Control Project in 1994, with the aim to bring down the incidence of blindness from 1.4% to 0.3%. To achieve this, eye care infrastructure and human resources were developed, accessibility to eye care services were increased and quality of eye care services was improved. As a result, many cataract surgeries were performed and are being performed at various visual camps to restore vision of the affected persons. Cataract is easily treatable by surgery. Though extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) is much better than intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) in terms of outcome and patient satisfaction, not many surgeons are trained in ECCE. Also, it is much costlier and takes longer time. Consequently, a substantial part of cataract extractions are still performed as ICCEs. In a study by Nirmalan et al (2004), it has been reported that a large proportion of people who required eye care did not utilize eye care services at the time. In our study, we would like to evaluate the utilization of cataract surgery services mainly in South India and find out reasons for not utilization so that policies can be recommended to improve these health services.

Migraine Pain Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Migraine Pain - Research Paper Example Migraine is distinguished from normal or tension headache on the basis of factors or reasons behind its generation. It is important to understand that migraine is not typical fluctuation in blood pressure or increased intracranial pressure. Migraine attacks may contribute to neurosis, one-time or permanent. It effects the neuroendocrine system (including adrenal and thyroid gland), which is responsible for the generation of neuroses in the body. The constant production of stress hormones, including adrenaline leads to vasoconstriction. It is not possible to clearly identify the specific cause behind the emergence and development of migraine. There have been cases in which it is found that the migraine is genetically transferred to people. However, there are peculiar reasons for migraine in every case (Thakar, Anjaneyulu, and Deka, 2001). Migraine patient also suffers from photophobia and phonophobia (light and zvukoboyazn). Bright lights and any sharp sound can cause excruciating throbbing headache. There is increased irritability and sudden mood swings. The sharp smell can also act as irritants, causing nausea, vomiting, dizziness, loss of orientation in space. The patient may experience severe pain not only in the head, but also in neck, eyes, and upper jaw (Cutrer, ODonnell, and Sanchez, 2000). Before diagnosing the patient with migraine pain it is important to evaluate the history of the patients clinical and evolutionary process, ruling out diseases that can mask the symptoms of migraine. For this purpose physicians can use the brain scan through Cranial CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (Thakar, Anjaneyulu, and Deka,

19th Century Rural New England Family Essay Example for Free

19th Century Rural New England Family Essay 19th Century rural New England family was a protrusion of slave-master relationship that affected all facets of American socio-cultural life. The narrative of Frederick Douglass describe that interracial relationships between a slave woman and male master were common but these relationships never got any social or religious sanctity. Douglass portrayal of his mother clearly indicates the relationship with her master provided no solace to him but rather aggravated her pathos and miseries. It further manifest that such relationships were not based on any mutual warmth but were a manifestation of ‘gratification of their (masters) wicked desires profitable as well as pleasurable†. (p. 166) The slave child, production of this relationship, was not entitled to any privileges or rights, socially or legally. So it was quite likely that â€Å"the children of slave women shall in all cases follow the conditions of their mothers† (p. 167) These slave children were also deprived of maternal affection as â€Å"it [was] a common custom, in the part of Maryland†¦, to part children from their mothers at a very early age. Frequently, before the child [had] reached its twelfth month, its mothers is taken from it, and hired out on some farm a considerable distance off†¦ (p. 165) The mother-children relations were cordial but they were not allowed to meet quite often as Douglass himself saw his mother five or six times during her lifetime. See more:  The 3 Types of Satire Essay The relationship never developed as there was very little communication between mothers and their children. These children were also kept ignorant of their birthdates and parentage. They were also shorn of basic necessities of life like clothing, lodging and nutrition. Furthermore, these slave-children were subjected to amplified hardship as compared with other slaves because they were â€Å"a constant offence to their mistress†. This also highlights that 19th century rural family of New England was not solely patriarchal but women had immense influence in the affair of household. For example, Douglass writes, â€Å"The master is frequently compelled to sell this class of his slaves, out of deference to the feeling of his white wife. †(p. 166) Similarly, relationship with other member of his parental family were used to be harsh and they were used to undergo harsh treatment and whipping by their white brothers quite frequently. There was no intimacy between slave brothers and sisters and their mutual relationship never developed due the absence of a central tie i. e. parentage. On the other hand, it is illustrated that the role of slave woman in the community were limited to heavy toil and labor at plantations, fulfillment of master’s lusts and sexual desires whenever needed. Their emotional, psychological and mental health was never taken into consideration. The relations of these slave girls and slave children to the community were totally utilitarian and totalitarian as they were used as tool to increase the agricultural production and to satisfy the savage desires and habitual formations of the masters respectively. These slaves were regarded as an entity that was included in their (master’s) property rights and were sanctioned by socio-legal system. So in the wide social perspective, slaves acted as economic instruments and this subordination was characterized not only by commercial necessities but also by psychological phenomenon i. e. to satisfy the human propensities by subjecting them harsh punishments.

Which Gender Is More Likely To Drive After Drinking? :: DUI, Drunk Driving, Alcohol

IntroductionLast year a student from my high school was killed in a drunk driving accident. As shocking as the death was for many students, people still continued to drive while intoxicated. This year two of my close friends received DUI's and numerous people I have encountered have also been convicted of Driving Under the Influence. Working at a local bar, it is very seldom that I see a person choosing to remain sober because they "have to drive", and I began to wonder which gender was more likely to drive after consuming alcohol. I hypothesize that men are more likely to drive after consuming alcoholic beverages than women. I have decided this for several reasons, the primary one being that when on a date, usually the male drives.ResearchI began my research on the Internet, and found several very useful sights. MADD (mothers against drunk driving) had some fairly new statistics regarding alcohol consumption and driving. I also visited the National Clearinghouse for Drugs and Alcohol, and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. While reviewing some statistics regarding fatal accidents related to alcohol, I noticed that California had a very high number of deaths-second only to Texas (this number did not reflect the percentage of the population-with this in mind, Nevada and Texas had the largest percents). With this in mind I investigated the current laws regarding alcohol consumption and driving. Currently, the law in California declares a person to be legally intoxicated if their blood alcohol content is .08% or greater (this law of course is different for minors). The U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services define a standard drink as 12 ounces of beer, 5 ounces of wine, or 1.5 ounces of 80-proof distilled spirits. MethodI decided to Survey 50 people, 25 men and 25 women. Although laws prohibit people under 21 from consuming alcohol, I chose to survey people 16 years and older simply because I know that many minors do drink and drive. In order to get a more representative sample, I decided not to survey at CSUSM but at the mall where my sample population would consist of people other than students. Before handing people the survey I asked them two simple questions: Are you a licensed driver? and Do you consume alcoholic beverages? To those that answered yes to both questions, I passed out the following survey:1.

Leadership in Sport Context Essay

Leadership is hard to specifically define, roles and attributes change to adapt to the environment and context needed. George and Jones define leadership as ‘ the exercise of influence by one member of a group or organization over other members to help the group or organization’ (2002,pg. 375). This definition can be broken down with two definitions; Firstly exerting influence over other members and second aiding in a group or organization achieve its goals. ‘Leadership is something everyone would like to claim as a personal attribute, but it is very difficult to get any consensus on quite what it means’. (Weightman, 2004, pg. 129) Many theories and models have been developed to discover different approaches to leadership aiming to identify different traits and characteristics thought needed to be a good leader. In this portfolio I am going to explore different leadership approaches and attributes within the context of sport. Through examples of current lead ers in sport I hope to identify similarities to theoretical evidence. Sport is a disciplined activity that demonstrates a lot of role models for leadership, not just athletes, a lot of jobs within the sport sector include leadership qualities. What makes a leader? The debate between is a leader born or made has opened up a lot of questions to what the attributes of a good leader are. Agreeing that a leader is influential and needs to inspire through organizing change makes us ponder weather traits of a leader are in their personalities or a skill you can acquire over time. Often leaders are associated with having certain personality traits that highlight them as an admirable person. Davis (1972) found the four general traits related to leadership success were: * Intelligence- leaders are found to have high intelligence than their followers * Social Maturity- self-assurance and self- respect and can handle a wide variety of social situations * Achievement drive- found to have a strong drive to get things done * Human- Relations attitudes- leaders know that they rely on other people to get things done, and therefore interested in their team members This traits model focuses on the personality that the leader has on contrast to the job that needs to be done. Agreeing that traits above would aid an individual to take control and lead others in order to influence, further research found the context in what your leading was equally as important. Building on Davis’s model it is important for a leader to be a people person that can withhold authority in a variety of situations, but also with the ability to display their views to a variety of people in intention to influence and inspire. Davis amongst others were previously unsuccessful in showing theoretical evidences that proved common personality traits or qualities. It was soon found more realistic analyses would be to consider the functions a leader demonstrate in order to fulfill his task specific to the context. Sport can be individual or team based but will still involve numerous people. A leadership model discovered in 1982 demonstrates the need of three leadership functions I found present in most sport leaders. These are: the task to be accomplished together, maintaining social cohesion of the group and individual needs of team members. This model shows the three independent functions and how they overlap to form a leadership style that focuses on achieving the outcome of the leader in this case success for a sports team or individual. If the task fails or performed badly, there is diminished satisfaction for the individual and the group tends to fall apart. If the group lacks unity, this will also affect performance. If the individual is discontented, then he or she will not give his or her best performance. This emphasizes the essential of unity of leadership, demonstrating a single action by a leader may influence all areas, and is specific to a sport context. Example Sven- Goran Eriksson- team manager of various football teams (including England) (www.guardian.co.uk) Sven admirable leadership displays most of Davis personality traits alongside achieving success for himself and various teams. Sven’s cosmopolitan background gives him an advantage within a wide audience of players and is well known for his expertise within football. Despite not getting too attached to people, that enforces authority; he creates empathy and trust within all he leads. A strong attribute is his diplomatic approach, he is seen to support and value the work of others. Demonstrating his ability in leading various teams to success he relates to Adair’s model. Maintaining a good cohesion between the team is very important within football but he doesn’t neglect the individual players needs. He implements their opinion into making good decisions for the team as a whole to lead them to success. Transformational Leadership Transformational leadership is best describes a leader who effects followers who are intended to trust, admire and respect. They are known for following and seeing through a personal vision whilst gaining trust of supporters. James Macgregor Burns introduced a concept of transformational leadership in his book Leadership in 1978. He defines ‘leaders and followers make each other to advance to a higher level of moral and motivation. Through the strength of their vision and personality, transformational leaders are able to inspire followers to change expectations, perceptions and motivations to work towards common goals’ (pg. 203, 2012). A sporting example of a transformation leader is Paula Radcliffe. Paula relates heavily to a later theory developed by Bernard M. Bass. Bass’s Transformational Leadership Theory He suggested leadership is defined as the impact it has on followers Burns identified 3 ways in which leaders transform their followers * Increasing their awareness of task importance and value * Getting them to focus first on team of organizational goals, rather than their own interests * Activating there higher-order needs Agreeing that people will follow a person who inspires them. Such individual needs to have a vision and passion and quest to achieve great things. ‘She puts all her energy and time in quest to be the best distance runner in the world’ (www.bbcsport.com) (www.sportsjournalists.co.uk) Yet to win an Olympic medal, all due to injury, she has brought the women’s marathon running to a new level and pushed the limits where no other women have gone. Paula supported many charities, alongside the progression of keen runners during her career. In 2004 she inspired many when joining Jonathan Edwards on an Olympic Special Millionaire, raising  £64,000 for charity. Excluding her physical achievements but she has been recognized for her personality and good sportsmanship through a number of awards. (Taken from my presentation) Ethical Leadership â€Å"Rowe (1997) points out, ethics can be taught in two very different ways. It can be taught using the models of absolute values, or as theologians and philosophers call them ‘ first principles’- That is, the absolute right and wrong ways of doing things. But it can also be taught in terms of how we all have our own way of seeing things. According to this view, values are relative to individuals and the situations in which they find themselves- the right way depends on the context†. Ethics pays an important part in sport for it is the discipline in rules and regulations that gives the entitlement to win and loose competition. Current competition requires a lot of testing prior, during and post competition in order to detect various methods of cheating. Many sports could be seen as unethical due to bad press of officiators, rules and regulations. The importance of ethics in sports defines giving everyone an equal opportunity showing no favouritism or discrimination. Paula highly demonstrates the traits of an ethical leader. Her career has consisted of fighting defend the fair-ness and reputation of the sport. ‘Most athletes were clean and we’re increasing becoming un-happy at the way the sport was being portrayed’ (www.paularadcliffe.com) Proving her ethical leadership qualities I have related Paula to the below model. This model states seven habits that a discovered commonly in ethical leaders. Seven Habits of Strong Ethical Leaders- Stephen R. Covey 1. Strong Personal Character 2. Passion to do right 3. Proactive Behavior 4. Stakeholder interest in mind 5. Recognition of their values as role models 6. Awareness that their decision making should be transparent 7. Holistic view of human beings and firm’s ethical culture Paula’s willingness to stand up for her rights and correct the sport permanently for others, was demonstrated by launched her campaign against ‘drugs in sport’ Despite the amount of drug tests required, it was discovered that the system was not capable of detecting the most effect and abused doping product using in running. She quotes ‘fear is no reason not to do what is right’ (www.paularadcliffe.com) In 2001 at Edmonton she held up a sign saying ‘EPO cheats out’. This was particularly aimed at a competitor that had been tested and found guilty of the blood doping, yet the result was over turned because the French testing authorities did not adhere to IAAF protocol. (www.paularadcliffe.com/gallery/images/08.jpg) Does Gender Effect Leadership? Sport is frequently seen as a masculine dominated sector. â€Å"Sport has been demonstrated to help some women achieve empowerment†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Theberge and Birrell, 1994, pg. 147) In all previous leadership theories mentioned none are specific to gender. With this is mind; still women in leadership are found to be in the minority. Fred Fielder recognises the effectiveness of a task should be considered in defining leadership. His Contingency theory of leadership, developed in 1961, focuses on 1) Why in a particular situations, some leaders will be more effective than other leaders even though they have equally good credentials. 2) Why a particular leader may be more effective in one situation and not another â€Å"Although women’s participation has risen, women’s involvement in sport as providers has dropped†. (Sports Council, 1992) The recent rise in women participating sport has lead to success in gaining responsibility in areas of sport such as leadership and coaching. The theory above I find is relevant for it can be used against women who are seen as good leaders just would be put out of context when it comes to sport. An example within sport is an American, Shannon Eastin Shannon Eastin made history by being the first female official in a male dominated sport, relating to fielders theory she was seen out of context for the job and is now recognised for her confidence of breaking the stereotype. Shannon became Inspirational for Women who feel not equal to take part in male orientated sports. (www.chargers.com) David Cotter et al defined four distinctive characteristics in his Glass Ceiling Approach (1988) 1. â€Å"A glass ceiling inequality represents a gender or racial difference that is not explained by other job-relevant characteristics of the employee.† 2. â€Å"A glass ceiling inequality represents a gender or racial difference that is greater at higher levels of an outcome than at lower levels of an outcome. 3. â€Å"A glass ceiling inequality represents a gender or racial inequality in the chances of advancement into higher levels, not merely the proportions of each gender or race currently at those higher levels.† 4. â€Å"A glass ceiling inequality represents a gender or racial inequality that increases over the course of a career.† This approach is commonly used when individuals or groups are stereotyped and therefore seen as unusual or abstract to be breaking these barriers. When successful of breaking the prejudice against them it is seen as breaking through the barrier to the glass celling. Previous women leaders in sport are seen to be very inspirational, they are made to feel not equal to take part in male orientated sports and therefore demonstrate the glass barrier celling approach when they do a lot making history for women in that context. Even though they might break down these barriers they still not be highly respected and followed by all and will be not seen as equal by all. In todays society there are many powerful female role models. An example in sport is Jessica Ennis. Through the 2012 Olympic she demonstrated her talents and perseverance in sport that achieved amazing results. (www.mirror.co.uk) Conclusion In developing my research from the tutorials I have found leaders are adaptable not only to context, but to individuals. People will find different qualities within the same person that they consider being a trait of a leader. â€Å"Even researches often disagree about which characteristics best describe leadership†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (George et Jones, 2005,pg. 275). Theories and Models help display similar characteristics within leaders but shouldn’t be used to define what a leader should be. Transformation and Ethical leaders are very common within sport for they are found to be influential to their public and demonstrate good morals within sport. All the leaders used in this portfolio are respected, followed and successful in completing their task in hand whilst being influential.

Response to the Right Stuff Essay

David Suzuki in his essay â€Å"The Right Stuff† stresses the importance of sex education and human biology, in the course of science, in high schools. He urges that in high schools sex education should be taught first than any other subject. Suzuki argues that the impressions made in high school are very deep and are unforgotten than any other stage of life, so in this age, whatever they will learn, will always remember and will be very beneficial throughout their life. So, he urges the need of educating human sexuality in high school. Although Suzuki’s idea of teaching sex education in high school is interesting, the argument he makes is less than convincing. Suzuki’s main purpose for writing essay is reflecting the importance of sex education in high schools. He wants that science education in high schools should be taught practically and in more interesting way. He argues that the students in high school are enough mature to understand about sex education, an d the lessons they learn at high schools will be helpful for their whole life and they will always remember those lessons. He says that all students do not choose science course at university level, so sex education needs to be taught in high schools. He informs that the students are interested and pay more attention towards the topics of human biology, drugs, and sex, so in science class sex education should be taught first. Suzuki in his essay uses the information from his personal knowledge and from his science background. He sees everything in a scientific way because of a science background, and suggests teachers that first they go through practically from every subject in science before teaching to students. He also wants in high schools, sex education should be plan around human biology. The major part of the essay covered his personal narration, which is his visit to a small town to judge a science fair. Suzuki also uses some information in his essay, from the book â€Å"Is There Life After High School?† that he read and some given by a high school teacher of a small town about the interes t of students towards sex, drugs and cars. The consequences of Suzuki’s reasoning are that some of the parents and religious persons maybe on the other side because maybe they do not want that their children know about sex education, that is why, they may be disagree. On the other side, if students get all the information regarding sex in their early age at high school, they might be grow too quickly, and probably get into sexual activities in their young age. In some of the religions, sex education is not allowed in high schools, if it kept compulsory in schools, so maybe some religions will oppose it. And also students may not pay much attention to other subjects, or they start watching erotic films, so that will affect their life. In his essay, Suzuki does not provide strong evidences to support his idea. He first describes the life of students in high school and the changes occur in that period, then he suddenly shifts to his personal experience in a small northern town with 400 high school students. But his main points are not properly argued. Suzuki wants sex education to be taught in high school, but he didn’t think about the bad impact of that education on students. Some students will probably do a lot of bad things, which they don’t need to do, if they will get the knowledge about sex in their teenage. So, his main point is not convincing.

Postmodernism and Cybersex essays

Postmodernism and Cybersex essays Gravitating around the epistemological and psychological spheres, postmodernist theorists, amongst other things, make two fundamentally crucial claims when discussing twenty first century computer mediated communications (CMC). The epistemological claim is that the search for the ultimate foundations of knowledge, for depth and mechanism, is futile. Postmodernism is an anti foundationalist philosophy in the sense that it denies that there can be such a thing as transcendent, perfect knowledge. Instead all knowledge claims are justified by rhetoric, convention or authority. The psychological claim of postmodernism is that the notion of a coherent and unitary self is an illusion. The self is really a multiplicity of parts and fragments. Associated with this, the coherence of traditional identity formulations relating to classifications on the basis of race, gender and other physical characteristics are also suspect. So, in keeping with the postmodernist doctrine, what could be more postmodern than cybersex? Now "cybersex" stems from the term cyberspace, originally a term from William Gibson's science-fiction novel of 1984, Neuromancer. Basically cyberspace is the name some people use for the conceptual space where words, human relationships, data, wealth, and power are manifested by people using computer mediated communications technology, or CMC for short. Cybersex, depending on who you talk to has a number of definitions and a number of approaches according to those definitions. How postmodern. Broadly speaking, cybersex is a generic term for erotic interaction between individuals in cyberspace. Generally, it can include exchanges of e-mail, real-time visual communication via webcams, encounters in chatrooms, bulletin boards, and other online virtual communities. However, given prevailing technological restraints, the majority of cybersexual activity occurs in chatrooms and is facilitated by text-sex - essentially, sexual ...

Understanding German Adverbs

Understanding German Adverbs Similar to English, German adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. They are used to indicate a place, time, cause, and manner, and they can be found in various parts of a sentence. Examples Here is where you might find an adverb in a German sentence: Before or after verbs:Ich lese gern. (I like reading.)Das habe ich hierhin gestellt. (I put that here.)Before or after nouns:Der Mann da, der guckt dich immer an. (The man over there is always looking at you.)Ich habe drà ¼ben am Ufer ein Boot. (I have a boat over there by the shore.)Before or after adjectives:Diese Frau ist sehr hà ¼bsch. (This woman is very pretty.)Ich bin in sptestens drei Wochen zurà ¼ck. (Ill be back in three weeks at the latest.) Conjunctions Adverbs can also sometimes function as conjunctions. For example:   Ich habe letzte Nacht à ¼berhaupt nicht geschlafen, deshalb bin ich mà ¼de. (I didn’t sleep at all last night, that’s why I’m so tired.) Modify a Sentence Adverbs can also change a sentence. Specifically, question adverbs (Frageadverbien) can modify a phrase or a sentence. For example:   Worà ¼ber denkst du? (What are you thinking about?) The very best thing about German adverbs is that they are never declined. (Did we just hear a sigh of relief?) Furthermore, adverbs can be created from nouns, prepositions, verbs, and adjectives: Creating Adverbs Here are some ways you can make adverbs in German:   Adverbs plus prepositions:  When combining prepositions with the adverbs wo(r), da(r) or  hier, you get prepositional adverbs, such as worauf  (on where), davor  (before that) and  hierum  (around here).Verbs as adverbs:  Past particles of verbs can stand in as adverbs and without modification. Read more here:  Past Participles as Adverbs.  When an adjective is an adverb: Predicate adjectives will function as adverbs when placed after a conjugated verb and you do not need to make any changes to the predicate adjective. Unlike English, Germans do not make a distinction in form between a predicate adjective and an adverb. See Adverbs of Manner and Degree.   Types Adverbs are divided into four main groups: PlaceTimeManner and DegreeIndicating Cause

St. Matthew's Feast Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

St. Matthew's Feast - Essay Example St. Matthew's Feast is September 21st. He is the patron saint of accountants and tax collectors. St. Matthew's symbols are the sword, for his martyrdom, and the money bag, as he used to work as a tax collector ("Biography of St. Matthew"). Levi (Matthew) was born in the 1st century. His birth place is Palestine ("St. Matthew Biography. Evangelist, Saint"). He was raised in the city called Capernaum. St. Matthew's nationality is Jew, he was born and raised as he was. His father's name was Alphaeus. Matthew obtained a wide knowledge of languages; apart from Hebrew, he knew also Aramaic and Greek ("Biography of St. Matthew"). It was useful for his apostolic activity. His missionary movement was at initially limited to the Palestine's society. Nothing clear is known about his further life. Traditionally Ethiopia is indicated as his field of work. Other views add Parthia and Persia. There are contradicting views on his death: some point on his natural death but mainly martyrdom is noted: â€Å"Roman martyrology, the official record of saints for the Roman Catholic Church, holds that Matthew was martyred 'in Ethiopia',† ("Biography of St. Matthew"). Another sources are not so sure about the proofs of it. St. Matthew's Gospel was composed to fill a painfully felt need for his kindred compatriots, both devotees and unbelievers. It served as a token of his view and as a consolation in the trial to come, particularly the risk of falling back to Judaism. This goal is higher, probably any religion intends to focus people.